Journal des soins de santé des femmes
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Prevalence and Perinatal Outcome of Singleton Term Breech Delivery in Mizan Aman General Hospital, South West, Ethiopia; A Three Year Retrospective Hospital based Study

Tilahun T, Mengistie H and Hiko D

Introduction: Breech deliveries have always been topical issues in obstetrics because of the very high perinatal mortality and morbidity. These are due to combination of trauma, birth asphyxia, prematurity and malformation. Neonates undergoing term breech deliveries have long-term morbidity up to the school age irrespective of mode of delivery.
Objective: To determine the perinatal outcome of singleton term breech deliveries and identify associated factors at Mizan Aman General Hospital.
Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted. Data on Socio-demographic, obstetric conditions and outcome of singleton breech deliveries of all pregnant women was collected from January 01, 2012 to December 31, 2014 GC. The collected Data was entered to SPSS version-20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics was run and the association between independent and dependent variables was measured using logistic regression model and p-value < 0.05 statistically significant.
Result: During the 3 years study period, a total of 126 singleton term breech deliveries were recorded out of 3729 deliveries giving the prevalence of singleton breech deliveries in the hospital to be 3.4%. The perinatal outcome of breech deliveries were 104(88%) born alive and 14(12%) were dead indicating that the perinatal mortality rate to be 120 per 1000 term breech presentations. The possible causes of death for dead delivered fetus were entrapment of head 5(35.7%), prolapsed cord 4(28.6%), birth asphyxia 3(21.4%) and intrauterine death with unknown cause 2(14.3%). Birth weight greater than 3500 gm have 26% chance of fetal loss when compared with fetal weight 2500-3499 gm. Vaginal breech delivery have significant statistical association with perinatal loss than abdominal route.
Conclusion and Recommendation: Perinatal mortality rate, of 120 per 1000 breech deliveries. Which indicate that breech vaginal delivery is associated with an increased perinatal mortality and morbidity than caesarean delivery. Birth weight ≥ 3500 gm increase risk perinatal loss than fetal weight between 2500-3500 gm.