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Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia during Pregnancy at Hodeida city (Yemen) During the Year 2021

Nabil M. H. Gonaid1*, Salwa El-Sanousi2, Hussien Kadi3

Background: Anemia In Pregnancy (AIP) is a global public health problem reaching prevalence as 41.8% globally, and up to 54% in Middle East region. It accounts for 20% of global maternal deaths. In Yemen, prevalence of AIP is 40%. It consists a part of high complicated maternal mortality ratio which reached 164 according last Yemeni demographic health survey reports. The study aimed to assess AIP prevalence and determinants at Hodeida city, Yemen.

Methods: Cross sectional study conducted on 500 pregnant women who were selected from Hodeida health centers, their data collected through structured pretested questionnaire, Hb of study members had been assessed through hemoglobinometer.

Data analysis: Data statistically analyzed through SPSS program (version 22) using descriptive statistics, Chi square test for investigating the association between AIP and the independent factors.

Results: The study revealed AIP prevalence as 55%. It revealed statistically significant determinants of AIP including husband education (P=0.000), mother education (P=0.10), mother concerned health knowledge (P=0.000), suffering from over menses (P=0.000), family socioeconomic level (P=0.000), food sufficiency (P=0.02), food diversity (P=0.087), supplementary feeding support (P=0.05), Khat chewing habit (P=0.094) and post meal tea drinking (P=0.043), while no significant association found for mother age (P=0.144), parity (P=0.690), pregnancy trimester (P=0.414), breastfeeding (P=0.581) and using contraceptives (P=0.208).

Conclusion: Anemia in pregnancy at Hodeida city is a sever public health problem according WHO classification. Socio economic and nutritional factors are representing its roots.