Techniques avancées en biologie et médecine
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The Phenomena of Light Re-radiation and Electron Excitation Energy Transfer in Hydrolysis Reactions and for Analysis of the Quality of DNA Double Helix

Giorgadze TG, Khutsishvili IG, Khuskivadze TB, Melikishvili ZG and Bregadze VG

The aim of this work is to demonstrate the significance of the phenomena of light re-radiation and the electron excitation energy transfer from the donor to the acceptor in the hydrolysis reactions of glycoside and phosphodiester bonds in DNA, which is important for the functionality of cells in the norm and pathology and for the analysis of the quality of the double helix DNA for diagnostic purposes. It is shown that photons of the near-IR region of the spectrum excite the overtones of the large-amplitude valence vibration of water molecules in the 700-1500 nm spectral range. This causes the activation of electrolytic dissociation of water molecules with the formation of H+ and OH-, which is necessary for the hydrolysis reaction of chemical bonds in biological molecules. The application of the original nanoscale method of a laser induced fluorescence resonance energy transfer to a donor-acceptor intercalator pair for the quantitative and qualitative study of stability quality DNA double helix in a solution, in real time is shown in the following biologically important processes: photoirradiation, photodynamic effect and electron excitation energy transfer in strongly scattering environment (colloidal) with multiple scattering of light, i.e., in processes that can be successfully used in light therapy of cancer, dermatology, wound healing, etc.