Journal du métabolisme des médicaments et de la toxicologie
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The Effect of Glycemic Status on the Serum Amino Acid Profile of Diabetic Saudi Patients

Fahad Ahmed Al-Abbasi

Background: The disturbance in amino acids serum profile in Diabetes Mellitus has been studied previously; however, very obscured in the Saudi diabetic population. The aim of the current study is studying the relationship between the glycemic status and the amino acid profile in Saudi diabetic patients.

Methods: Representative sample of Saudi Diabetes Mellitus type-I patients were included in accordance with the national population distribution; and a panel of 17 amino acids of different categories (essential, semi- essential and metabolic indicator amino acids) were assessed in response to their glycemic status. Blood samples of normoglycemic and hyperglycemic patients were withdrawn and assayed for glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. General biochemical serum profile was assessed (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)).

Results: Transient hyperglycemia significantly decreased three metabolic indicator amino acids (AAA, ALA and ORN); in addition to one essential amino acid (TYR) and one semi-essential amino acid (CYS2). The total level of amino acids, total level of essential amino acids, and total level of semi-essential amino acids did not change due to glycemic status. Only the total metabolic amino acids (AAA, ALA, CIT, HCY2 and ORN) significantly decreased in response to hyperglycemia.

Conclusion: Some amino acids (THR, CYS2, AAA, ALA and ORN) are sensitive to the glycemic status and can be used as surrogate marker for transient hyperglycemia.