Techniques avancées en biologie et médecine
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Plants as Bioreactors- A Review

Mathangi Ganapathy

Currently available systems for the commercial production of recombinant subunit vaccines include bacteria, yeasts, insects and mammalian cell cultures. Each of these systems has specific benefits, but overall, their application is limited by insufficient scalability, cost, safety and target integrity. Plant-based production platforms remains attractive as an alternative due to high scalability, cost-effectiveness and greater safety. Vaccines have been developed against viral, bacterial, parasitic and allergenic antigens for human as well as animal use using plant expression systems. Stable integration of transgene into the nuclear or chloroplast genome in many plants (e.g. tobacco, tomato, potato, papaya, carrot) for the production of subunit vaccines have been reported, effective expression has also been achieved by transient expression. Many plant produced recombinant proteins have shown immunogenicity, several have been shown to work effectively in animal models. This review tries to give an update of plant produced recombinant proteins, the future and limitations.