Journal d'immunologie clinique et cellulaire
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Induction of Immunogenic Tumor Cell Death by Attenuated Oncolytic Measles Virus

Carole Achard, Nicolas Boisgerault, Tiphaine Delaunay, Frédéric Tangy, Marc Grégoire and Jean-François Fonteneau

Antitumor virotherapy is a developing approach to treat cancer with oncolytic viruses, namely replicative viruses that exclusively or preferentially infect and kill tumor cells. Attenuated strains of Measles Virus (MV) are now being used as oncolytic viruses in clinical trials to treat several types of cancer. The efficacy of oncolytic viruses is mainly due to their capacity to infect and kill tumor cells, but it has also been demonstrated that their capacity to induce immunogenic cell death can activate an antitumor immune response. In this review, we describe the oncolytic capacity of MV and the concept of Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD). We then review how MV induces immunogenic cell death, which can be beneficial for cancer treatment.