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Evaluation of the Types of Bacteria in the Blood of HIV-1 Patients Attending ART Clinic at the FMC Owo, Nigeria and their Antibiogram Profile

Tolulope O Oladosu, Tinuola T Adebolu and Muftau K Oladunmoye

In this investigation, the types of bacteria present in the blood of HIV-1 positive individuals attending the Antiretroviral Therapy clinic at a tertiary healthcare centre in Southwest, Nigeria and their antibiogram profile were assessed. A total number of Five Hundred confirmed HIV-1 Positive Patients were recruited for this study. Their blood was collected and subjected to standard microbiological techniques to isolate and identify the types of bacteria present and also determine the antibiogram profile of the isolates. The bacterial species identified are Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus lentus, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, O103:H2, Escherichia coli O26:H11, Shigella flexneri, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium were isolated from the control group of apparently healthy individuals consisting of fifty respondents. Approximately, 4% of the patients were found to have more than one type of bacterial species in their blood. The antibiogram profile of isolates revealed Ofloxacin as the most effective antibiotic against most isolated bacterial species. Only two isolates were resistant to each of Streptomycin and Chloramphenicol. Proteus mirabilis displayed the highest level of resistance while other bacterial isolates exhibited resistance to Cotrimoxazole, Augmentin, Amoxycillin, Cloxacillin and Erythromycin.