Endocrinologie et syndrome métabolique
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Effect of Dietetic Intervention in Brazilian Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Viviane do Valle Couto Reis, Gabriela Morgado de Oliveira Coelho, Eliane de Abreu Soares and Avany Fernandes Pereira

The study aim was to investigate the effects of individualized dietary intervention in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. In this randomized and controlled clinical trial, a total of 55 women 40-65 years old presenting metabolic syndrome diagnosis were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups (50.9%). The intervention group received individualized diets prescribed by nutritionists. Participants were assessed at baseline moment (M0) and after a 16 weeks period (M1) for anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and dietary parameters. The Student’s t-test was applied for independent and dependent numerical variables. It was hypothesized that postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome obtaining dietary intervention would show improvement in the assessed parameters. At M0 there was no significant difference in all parameters between groups, demonstrating homogeneity samples. Yet, at M1, the intervention group showed statistical significant differences: decline in body weight (−3.5 kg), body mass index (−0.3 kg/m2), waist circumference (−4.1 cm), and systolic (−7.6 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (−1.6 mmHg); reductions in plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDLcholesterol; as well as increase of HDL-cholesterol and decrease in habitual consumption of energy and dietary lipids. Regarding diet quality, we observed increase of fish, low-fat dairy, fruits, and vegetables consumption; and decrease of butter, margarine, sweets, soft drinks, and fast food consumption. In contrast, the control group showed no improvement in any of these parameters; quite the contrary, they even showed significant weight gain (+0.6 kg). The intervention group had 18.5% reversal rate in metabolic syndrome diagnosis, showing that individualized nutrition care was effective in controlling the metabolic syndrome.