Troubles pancréatiques et thérapie
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Évaluation des effets de la plasmaphérèse sur les patients atteints de pancréatite aiguë induite par une hypertriglycéridémie

Yuchen Wang, Bashar Attar, William Trick, Melchor Demetria, Palashkumar Jaiswal, Pradeep Parajuli, Leon Fogelfeld and Radhika Jaiswal

Abstract Objectives: Plasmapheresis has been repetitively reported as an effective treatment in hypertriglyceridemiainduced acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP). However, due to heterogeneity in presenting severity, different definition of clinical end-points and lack of well-matched control group, a definitive role of plasmapheresis is yet to be determined.
Methods: We reviewed a cohort of 142 unique patients of HTG-AP, in which 15 cases were treated with plasmapheresis. We compared the epidemiologic characteristics, presenting clinical severity and various clinical end-points between plasmapheresis group and non-plasmapheresis group directly and after successful propensity score match. The clinical trajectory of plasmapheresis group and post-match nonplasmapheresis group were plotted and compared.
Results: Patients who underwent plasmapheresis had higher triglyceride levels on admission, and had a trend toward more severe pancreatitis. The unmatched cohort revealed that plasmapheresis group had longer hospital stay, required more intravenous insulin, and had longer duration of nil per os. However post-match comparison revealed that plasmapheresis had no effect on clinical outcomes. Despite the successful match of epidemiologic characteristics and presenting clinical severity, plasmapheresis group was responding slower than post-match nonplasmapheresis group, which suggests the existence of unmeasured confounding factors and possibility of obscured benefit given the similarities in various end-points.
Conclusions: Although plasmapheresis had no apparent benefit or harm, there likely was residual confounding based on the different clinical trajectories between the plasmapheresis and non-plasmapheresis groups. Randomized controlled trial, or a larger multicentre observational study taking into consideration the clinical trajectory is needed to further evaluate the role of plasmapheresis in HTG-AP.