Journal d'ophtalmologie clinique et expérimentale
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A Dissimilarity on Examination amongst Twins for Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening: An Observation

Battiston Adrian, Carell Nathan

Background: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disease of retina in premature babies. The development of ROP occurs due to several risk factors like prematurity, low Birth Weight (BW) and systemic derangements like respiratory distress, anaemia, sepsis, cholestasis, ABO incompatibility and treatments such as phototherapy and multiple blood transfusions. Aim: To understand the cause of asymmetric ROP in twins. Material and methods: We reviewed the records of 13 pairs of twins with ROP diagnosed at our centre retrospectively. We surveyed the pairs for risk factors that must have led to the disease. Results: An observation of 13 pairs of twins having ROP showed the average GA was 29.69 weeks and average BW was 1282.692 gm. In 2 pairs of twins, ROP was symmetric in both eyes with respect to zone and staging. Of these 2 pairs of twins with symmetric ROP, treatment was not required. Of the treated eyes, one progressed to higher stages after laser treatment rest progressed due to non-availability of treatment and transport during pandemic. Discussion: It was a documented fact that post-natal factors can solely be responsible for occurrence of ROP. It has been documented that ROP screening in twins to be done cautiously as twin pregnancy is already an established risk factor for development of ROP. Nonetheless, irrespective of the gestational age and birth weight decision regarding whether the screening should be done or not is totally depends on how sick the child is. Severe forms of ROP have been documented in full term heavier neonates. Conclusion: In conclusion, the complex mechanisms which lead to the development of this crippling disease in neonates are still need to be understood